Automobiles developed in the last 100 years rapidly. And not only regarding achievement, acceleration and maximum speed. Also the Design crossed several (if also not always very happy running) phases. In the center of the last century one attached importance rather to practical things: The vehicle should offer much reservoir, be to some extent fast and be able also as much as possible to place for the family ready to place. In the course of the time the demands, which were made against the automobile, became more extensive but around a multiple. One must compare simply only the Volkswagen beetle and the Smart. The Volkswagen beetle does not offer excessively much place, but it fulfills (e) the basic functions of an automobile completely.
In the Smart however one cannot even transport a beverage box, if a front seat passenger sits beside it. But one finds a parking lot problem-free in the city. Which progress on technical level was made, lets represent completely simply on the basis the speed records. 1956 were ever measured, set up the highest, on country reached speed of 339 km/h by wanting helmet heart on 110 HP a strong motorcycle. Already 1997 created it already Andy Green to break through the sound barrier and to accelerate its Trust SSC (with turbines of a jet equipped rocket car) on 1229 km/h. But also different teams try since then to shake to these Bestmarke.
And it is only one question of the time, until they create it… With series vehicles with road permission the speed record is held by the Bugatti Veyron with 407 km/h. But also it is the competition on the heels. New wind tunnel tests resulted in however that the Ultimate aero TT can drive theoretically 420 km/h from the manufacturer SSC on the road. However it must prove only still.
The heart of each car is the engine. It moves the car, by converting different it supplied forms of energy (e.g. thermal, chemical and electricity) into mechanical energy. The broadest engine kind is the combustion engine. It produces for the acceleration of the car needs energy, by a gasoline air mixture in its cylinders to ignite and/or exploding brings, whereby thermal energy becomes free, the cylinder heads in motion transferred. These propel the drive shaft, which again the transmission with energy and/or Kraft supplies.
The transmission is responsible for the fact that Kraft from the engine also constructionally distributes and assigned. At the end of the chain of acting elements then the wheels and/or tire stand under others, by which the car moves itself finally. Two major tasks are attributed to the exhaust: Reduction of the pollutant and sound emissions. With the burn unfortunately also unwanted by-products, also exhaust gases develop mentioned. These consist primarily of carbon dioxide and Carbon monoxide, Schwefeloxiden, Ruß and Feinstaub. Such pollutants are among other things responsible for the ozone hole and the acid rain, can excite however for example also cancer. They are filtered, as far as possible, particularly by the catalyst (also Kat called).
In addition much noise develops with the explosions, which are released permanently in the cylinders of the engine. This must be reduced by mufflers. Otherwise the acoustic load, which partially anyway already proceeds from cars, would be to be borne not. Due to that differently vehicle models, into which engines are built, vary the requirements to these in some points (e.g. price, achievement or weight). It gives however a few criteria, which presuppose autobuyers and from there also by the industry are considered (to have). In addition belong a high efficiency of the engine (small fuel consumption with high achievement); Emission poverty (small Schadstoffaustoß); a high life span and Störungsfreiheit
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